The Islamic holy month of Ramadan, a period dedicated to fasting, heightened worship, and charitable acts, is set to commence around 18 or 19 February 2026. This annual observance, which concludes with the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, varies in start date globally due to its dependence on the sighting of the crescent moon and official declarations by Islamic religious authorities.
What is Ramadan?
Ramadan represents one of the Five Pillars of Islam, requiring Muslims to fast from dawn until sunset each day. This fasting involves complete abstinence from all food and drink, including water, and is viewed as a profound act of worship that fosters self-discipline, spiritual reflection, and empathy for those less fortunate. The month is marked by increased religious devotion, with many engaging in additional prayers, Quranic recitations, and acts of charity.
Daily Observances and Practices
During Ramadan, Muslims typically begin their day with a predawn meal known as suhoor, which provides sustenance for the fasting hours ahead. At sunset, the fast is broken with an evening meal called iftar, often shared with family and community members. Congregational prayers, particularly the Taraweeh prayers performed at night, become more frequent, and many devote time to reading the entire Quran throughout the month.
Global Diversity and Cultural Traditions
Ramadan traditions exhibit rich diversity across the Muslim world, reflecting local cultures and customs. In countries like Egypt, iftar meals might feature traditional dishes such as ful medames and konafa, while in Indonesia, communal prayers and festive markets are common. Despite these variations, the core principles of fasting, worship, and charity remain universal. However, there are growing concerns about the commercialisation of Ramadan in some regions, where festive celebrations can sometimes overshadow the spiritual essence of the month.
Determining the Start Date
The exact start of Ramadan is not fixed by the Gregorian calendar but is instead determined by the lunar Islamic calendar. Islamic authorities in different countries rely on the actual sighting of the crescent moon, or hilal, to declare the beginning of the holy month. This method can lead to variations of a day or two in start dates between nations, depending on local moon sightings and theological interpretations. The anticipated dates for 2026 highlight this lunar-based calculation, emphasising the blend of religious tradition and astronomical observation that governs Ramadan's commencement each year.
