A leading pharmacist has issued a stark health warning to the millions of people in the UK who rely on over-the-counter decongestant nasal sprays, especially during the winter cold season. The caution highlights a hidden risk of dependency and potential long-term harm from these commonly used remedies.
The Hidden Danger of Over-the-Counter Sprays
Pharmacist Anum, who shares advice with a large following on TikTok, recently posted a candid video explaining the significant risks associated with frequent use of sprays containing ingredients like xylometazoline or oxymetazoline. These active ingredients are found in well-known brands such as Otrivin, Sudafed, and Vicks nasal sprays.
"A major issue I see as a pharmacist is the amount of people addicted to decongestant nasal sprays," she stated, emphasising that overuse can cause considerable damage. The core problem is a condition known as rebound congestion, medically termed rhinitis medicamentosa.
Understanding Rebound Congestion and Sinus Damage
Rebound congestion occurs when the body becomes reliant on the spray. The medication works by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages to reduce swelling. However, with prolonged use, these vessels become less responsive. When the medication wears off, the blood vessels swell even more than before, causing severe blockage that feels worse than the original congestion.
This creates a vicious cycle where individuals feel compelled to use the spray more frequently just to breathe normally, leading to dependency. Pharmacist Anum warned that beyond this cycle, overuse can damage the delicate lining of the sinuses, potentially leading to chronic issues. In some cases, it can even thicken nasal structures and impair the function of tiny nasal hairs called cilia.
Official NHS Guidance and Safe Usage
The expert advice aligns perfectly with official NHS guidelines. The health service clearly states that decongestant nasal sprays and drops should not be used for more than a week at a time. Using them beyond this period can exacerbate stuffiness.
Pharmacist Anum provided clear guidance for those concerned: "You're actually only meant to be using these nasal sprays for a maximum of five to seven days." For anyone who has been using them for longer, she advises against panic but strongly recommends speaking to a pharmacist or GP.
Healthcare professionals can support users in weaning off the sprays safely, often recommending alternatives like steroid-based sprays (available on prescription), saline nasal rinses, or steam inhalations to manage symptoms without the risk of rebound effects.
If congestion persists despite stopping decongestant sprays, it is crucial to seek further medical advice. A GP or pharmacist can investigate underlying causes, such as allergies or chronic sinusitis, which may require different treatment. The key takeaway is to always read the instructions on any medication and to use decongestant sprays strictly as a short-term solution.
