A significant and concerning surge in cases of norovirus, often called the winter vomiting bug, is currently sweeping across the United States. The highly contagious virus has already prompted school closures and urgent public health alerts as infection rates climb.
Scale of the Outbreak and High-Risk States
According to the latest data, the United States typically sees around 20 million norovirus infections annually, resulting in an average of 900 related deaths each year. The situation in 2025 is particularly acute, with health authorities having recorded more than 150 separate outbreaks so far.
The states currently reporting the highest number of cases include Montana, Wyoming, Alabama, and Colorado. However, the impact is being felt nationwide. Recent outbreaks have forced schools in Massachusetts and Michigan to shut their doors, placed considerable strain on emergency medical services in Virginia, and triggered official warnings for residents in Southern California.
Symptoms and Vulnerable Groups
Norovirus is notorious for its rapid onset and unpleasant symptoms. Those infected commonly experience nausea, stomach cramps, fever, and severe bouts of vomiting and diarrhoea. This can quickly lead to dehydration, which poses the most serious health risk.
While anyone can catch the virus, certain groups are at greater risk of severe complications. Young children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems are especially vulnerable and should take extra precautions.
Effective Prevention Measures
Given the virus's contagious nature, prevention is crucial. It is important to note that alcohol-based hand sanitisers are largely ineffective against norovirus. The cornerstone of protection is frequent and thorough hand washing with soap and warm water.
Other key steps to halt the spread include:
- Disinfecting contaminated surfaces with a bleach-based cleaner.
- Washing any soiled laundry at the highest possible temperature.
- Ensuring all shellfish is cooked thoroughly before consumption, as it can be a source of the virus.
Public health officials emphasise that these simple hygiene practices are the most effective defence against the ongoing surge of this winter vomiting disease.
